The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a network of physical objects—such as vehicles, appliances, and machinery—equipped with software, sensors, and network connectivity that allow them to collect and exchange data. The IoT connects devices to the internet via a range of technologies, including Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and cellular networks. Devices that are linked to the internet can send and receive data, and this information is used to track the devices, monitor their performance, and modify their behavior.
How Does IoT Work?
IoT device control relies on a communication network that links the device, a user interface, and, in many cases, a cloud platform. Most IoT devices have communication modules, which allow them to be controlled remotely. This creates a vast network of linked devices that can interact with one another and perform various functions on their own, similar to mobile phones and gateways.
IoT Security Threats and the Importance of IoT Security
The Internet of Things (IoT) has brought us numerous helpful new technologies as well as home and workplace ease. Nevertheless, a novel form of security risk for enterprises has also been brought about by IoT technology.
In order to mitigate cybercrime threats, security is essential due to the multiplicity of networked devices and sensors that make up the Internet of Things (IoT), which range from printers, thermostats, smartphones, security cameras, healthcare devices, intelligent lighting to farm equipment, and connected vehicles. Effective security measures are essential to protect IoT networks from these threats and ensure the integrity and safety of enterprise systems:
Common IoT Security Threats
- Network Breaches: Unsecured devices can be compromised, leading to data loss or unauthorized access.
- Ransomware: Malware that locks down devices or data until a ransom is paid.
- Radio Frequency Jamming: Disrupting wireless communications by overwhelming them with interference.
- Unauthorized Access: Intruders gaining access to IoT devices and networks.
- Firmware Exploits: Attacks that take advantage of vulnerabilities in device firmware.
- Man-in-the-Middle Attacks: Intercepting and altering communications between devices.
- Data Infiltration: Stealing sensitive data from IoT devices.
- Brute Force Attacks: Attempting various password combinations repeatedly to gain access.
- Physical Attacks: Tampering with devices to gain unauthorized access.
Importance of IoT Security
- Multiplicity of Devices: The vast number of connected devices expands the attack surface.
- Network Containment: Ensuring IoT networks are contained to prevent breaches.
- Protocol Vulnerabilities: Near Field Communication (NFC), Bluetooth, WiFi, and other protocols can introduce security weaknesses.
5 Best Practices for IoT Security
As digital transformation pushes operational technology (OT) and information technology (IT) teams to become more autonomous, risk management through strict adherence to security standards and the construction of safe infrastructures is key. Disrupted production time can cost companies millions of dollars, even when data lost in a hack can be restored. Your company should adhere to these five best practices for protecting IoT infrastructure.
1. Protect Your Resources
IT administrators can benefit from a single point of contact and easier administration, rather than coordinating service contracts and warranties from several manufacturers that integrate IoT into their equipment and products. Proper management of a company’s assets is important for its growth and development. Getting a single, multi-dimensional picture of all assets—including those that are hidden, unmanaged, and unseen—is advised.
2. Set Up a Monitoring System
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Implementing a solid IoT security strategy can be difficult in a complex ecosystem with many internal and external stakeholders. Implementing a monitoring system enables accurate asset inventory, visibility, identity, and management of networked devices.
3. Encrypt Your Connection
Hackers are explicitly targeting IoT endpoints and gateways. Any connected gadget can get attacked at some point in its existence. Encryption is a security-recommended practice that applies to IoT use cases by encrypting data in transit from the device to the back end as well as at rest. Cryptography helps to reduce security concerns. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) can use a two-key asymmetric cryptosystem to encrypt and decode private communications and interactions using digital certificates.
4. Redefine Business Relationships Using IoT Data
The use and management of the massive amount of new (and, in many cases, sensitive) data generated by connected IoT products has the potential to redefine relationships with traditional business partners. It can also determine what role companies should play as industry boundaries expand, presenting new strategic opportunities. For example, companies can use IoT data to monitor inventory levels in real-time, ensuring shelves are always stocked with popular items. This capability not only improves operational efficiency but also strengthens relationships with suppliers by providing them with actionable insight.
5. Use Multi-Factor Authentication
IoT security is crucial for safeguarding networked devices. The biggest concern is that security is not considered while building the devices, which can result in a loss of data privacy. To provide a secure environment, each IoT device must have a unique identifier. This allows for proper authentication when a device connects to the Internet, as well as safe encrypted communication with other devices, apps, and services.
Conclusion
IoT gadgets can eventually work completely autonomously. However, human engagement is required to improve security and monitor performance. Many cybersecurity events that have made news include IoT devices, emphasizing that cybersecurity should be a primary concern for both consumers and businesses. Implementing an IoT device identity solution ensures security and visibility of all devices, communication and data, allowing an organization to manage IoT device IDs throughout their life cycles while safeguarding them from cybersecurity risks.
